What different views of the Duke are presented in acts 1-3?

Written in the early 17th century, ‘Measure for Measure' was one of the many plays that Shakespeare wrote to entertain his King, which at the time was James I. Shakespeare used this play to present his own views of the King, and his ideals of a King through his presentation of the Duke Vincentio. A more complex character than first believed, Shakespeare transforms the Duke throughout the play. As the Duke set out on a quest to not only escape the pressures of his role, but to learn from his experiences and find himself. The Duke is the first person to speak; this is one of Shakespeare's common techniques to indicate who he deems most important in the play. Even if it appears that the story evolves around the character of Angelo, under the surface it is evident that the Duke is the catalyst behind it all. At the start of the play we see that the Duke is a man with general morals, complimenting the people under him. This is Shakespeare showing us from the start that he wishes the Duke to be seen as a good man. In the first scene we learn that for the head of a city he does not enjoy being in the public eye, â€Å"I love the people, but do not like to stage me to their eyes†. This quote also shows us that he is an honourable and caring Duke as he loves his people, but he doesn't have the confidence to assert his authority. In the beginning of the play the view of the Duke is formulated to be that he is nice but a little spineless; allowing his streets to be filled with sin, â€Å"bawds†, â€Å"thief's†. To re-enforce the opinion that Duke is honourable, Shakespeare makes the Duke accept fault for the state that the town is in, â€Å"'twas my fault to give the people scope†, although he still doesn't do anything about it. When the Duke is talking to Pompey in act three scene two, we see a different character emerging. From his ‘real life' experience he appears to have gathered confidence and is beginning to show signs of authority, he calls Pompey a â€Å"wicked bawd† to tell him how disappointed he was with him. However these new found urges have to be suppressed as he is under the guise of the Friar, so he uses religious references to voice his feelings instead, † if the devil have given thee proofs for sin†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Shakespeare uses verse here to emphasise the seriousness as it is more rhythmic and emphasised by the stresses in the line due to iambic pentameter. By the end of act three, the Duke is almost ready to take the reigns back of Angelo, as he has reached a point where he knows what a leader should be, and has gathered the knowledge and confidence to assert himself; â€Å"He who the sword of heaven will bear should be as holy as severe†. In Shakespeare's time, Kings were the closest thing to Gods and therefore had to be perfect role models. Here the Duke is saying that they should be perfectly balanced; as good and moral as they are strict. However the Duke shows a darker side of him, perhaps the slight edge of coldness needed to rule successfully, but nevertheless the Duke creates his own amusement whilst under the guise of the Friar to control the characters to carry out his plan. Although this was done to benefit his people, as he protected the almost innocent and also teach the guilty a lesson. Shakespeare deliberately manipulates the audience's opinion o the Duke throughout the play as the character himself changes drastically from start to finish. Firstly we see his understudies having great respect for him, â€Å"always obedient to your grace's will†. However in act three it becomes clear to the audience that the townspeople only like him because they are allowed to do as they please. The character of Lucio personifies the feelings of the townspeople when he tells the Duke himself, (disguised as the friar) that he doesn't doubt the intelligence or honour of the Duke, calling him â€Å"wise†; although also referring to him as, â€Å"Avery superficial, ignorant, unweighing fellow†. Thus clarifying that the townspeople don't know the Duke and moreover that the Duke doesn't know them, â€Å"ignorant†. There is debate however that Lucio is aware that is the Duke and is deliberately making use of this to voice his true opinions of him, or perhaps merely for his own amusement as Lucio is a joker type character. However it could be countered by saying that this is too intelligent for Lucio and this is simply a comedic scene as Lucio is ‘putting his foot in his mouth'. Shakespeare makes the Duke speak in verse here, serving multiple purposes; firstly because it is more relaxed as the scene is a comedy. Secondly because it is a scene to move the story of the play on and verse would take to long to do this. We also gather the character of Escalus' opinion of the Duke whilst he is still disguised, although it is great contrast to Lucio's. The character of Escalus appears as the wise old advocate, pointing out straight away one of the key themes of the entire play and also one of the main reasons that the Duke went into hiding; â€Å"above all other strifes contended especially to know himself†. It is also debated that Escalus was aware of the disguise and knew exactly what he was doing, yet in this case it is more likely to be the case, as Escalus is the ‘right-hand-man'. This theory is reinforced by the fact that Escalus then compliments the Duke, knowing that revealing the fact that the Duke's inner most fears are visible to someone else, he provides a comforter, â€Å"Rather rejoicing to see another merry, than merry at anything which professed to make him rejoice†. Meaning that the Duke would rather see others happy than be happy himself. I feel that the true opinion of the Duke lies somewhere in between Lucio's and Escalus' views, as he was ignorant of the townspeople, however he is wise and very caring, shown in how he deals with Angelo at the end of the play.

Junk Food and Fast Food in the UAE Essay

In the last 3 or 4 years, many schools in the UAE started selling junk food and fast food to the students. Junk food and fast food is known for causing obesity among people all around the world. As Dubai Health Authority (DHA) public relation agency we will try to raise awareness about the harmful effects of junk food and fast food on people especially the students who still in schools, and why junk food and fast food should should be banned in schools across the UAE. Dubai Health Authority (DHA), was created in June 2007. The DHA aims to provide a valuable, accessible, and integrated health care system to protect the public health. Its mission is to guarantee access to health services, advance and continue the quality of these services, improve the health status of nationals, visitors and residents, professional health sector. According to an article entitled â€Å"A weighty concern: obesity and fast food in Dubai.† The city fast changing lifestyle have accompanied it with the opening of many new restaurants, and especially the fast food restaurants, because the people are choosing to have a nice and delicious meal in a minute and with cheap price, this habit had transformed to their children. And then this also had made some schools in UAE start selling them ignoring the harmful effects of them on the students. (Faust 2012) Furthermore, the first step that will be taken is that we will start planning our organization goals and objectives. Second, we will identify our target audiences and their demographics and know more about their backgrounds. Third, we will start researching about the problem and try to find solutions for it. Fourth, we will start planning the tools and the tactics that we will be using; for example: how many news releases we will be using through the year, the media outreach tactic: trying to promote our organization in many types of media. Fifth, we will start making a case study about the problem; we will use the web, newspapers, books, magazines etc.., and try to know more about the problem. In addition, we will be doing blogs and join social networks to promote our PR organization more. Furthermore, we will start our communication plan with : 1- Explaining the organization to the public by: handling press releases all around the UAE to get the people know about our organization. Additionally we will distribute brochures in the schools and to make our organization more known. Additionally, we will join the social networking sites to communicate with the public widely. Also, we will create a website that contains all the information that we want the people to know about our organization and how does it work. 2- We will identify our target audience: who do we want to send the message to. Our target audiences the Ministry of Education, and the schools around the UAE that sell junk food and fast food. 3- The methods for sending the messages: we will try to have media contacts all around the UAE for example: we will spread our message through the television programs, and also through advertising our message in newspapers, magazines, etc.†¦ . Moreover, we will measure the success of our communication plan by: 1- Count down how many press releases, news releases, articles in magazines, online articles are produced in a given time. 2- Measurements of how much did our message succeeded, did the public respond positively to the organization’s message. 3- Conducting regular surveys to measure the effectiveness of our organization. 4- Monitoring how many people are cooperating with the organization. We will see how many people are communicating with the organization through the social media for example: twitter, Facebook. Post information online about our organization and monitor how many people are visiting our website or blog. And allow the public to make comments about our organization. According to an article entitled â€Å"Crisis Communication Plan: A PR Blue Print.†, There are some steps can be taken if the communication plan fails: 1- Establish a communication crisis team: this team is important to identify what actions should be taken. The job of the team primary is to identify the plan actions and find a spokesperson. 2- Try to know more about what caused the communication plan to fail. List some examples that may contribute to the failing of the communication plan, and try to fix them. Ignoring the situation will only make things worse. 3- One spokesperson will represent the organization, we will try to make official statements and allowing the ask media to ask questions about the situation if possible. (Freeo, 2012) Moreover, this assignment made me learn more about how to make an effective public relation message. Additionally, after writing this report, I feel that makes me an expert in handling public relation plan and how to handle the plan if it fails. Also, it gave me more information about handling any public relation organization messages in general.

Difference Between Behaviourism and Cognitism

When the Cognitive Revolution overturned Behaviorism as the dominant paradigm of learning, many people believed cognitivism to be radically different than behaviorism as it tried to explain many of the characteristics of learning that behaviorism failed to account for. For example, behaviorism emphasized only the change in outward behavior, which they defined as learning. Behaviorism declares the mechanistic and deterministic views of the law of effect, classical and operant conditioning, and ultimately the explanation of learning due purely to biological factors.Behaviorism considers factors such as reinforcement history and maturation levels in affecting the ability it learn, and emphasizes maintaining learned behavior through repeated reviews of expectations and schedules of reinforcement. Cognitivism, on the other hand, defines learning more broadly to include a change in thinking, beliefs, attitudes, and values. It emphasizes the role of the mind as a schematic network and recog nizes the importance of prior knowledge in making new connections.Ultimately, learning is compared to a computer model of processing information, which includes many processes that cannot be seen or measured. Cognitivism focuses on the role of memory in storing and retrieving knowledge. Transfer is seen as being the goal of acquiring knowledge so that people can apply that knowledge in new domains. Also, Cognitivism recognizes the influence of motivation on learning in encouraging people to learn things to a greater degree.Cognitivism accounts for more complex forms of thinking and learning. Although these two theories have many significant differences, they also have some similarities. Although I feel the cognitive psychology went a lot further in explaining the nature of learning, it does not completely escape the criticisms of behaviorism as far as mechanism and determinism. According to Williams, even though the cognitive revolution tried to remedy the mechanistic and determinis tic aspects of behaviorism, it did not succeed.Both behaviorism and cognitivism are mechanistic and deterministic. In both behaviorism and cognitivism, people are seen as mechanical machines that react according to circumstance and behavior can be predicted based on either a Stimulus-Response or according to the information inputted into the computer machine. They are both missing significant factors of learning as far as accounting for learning in social contexts.They also both have aspects of a â€Å"black box† in them that does not completely explain how or why the learning occurs. For behaviorism, the â€Å"black box† is the explanation between stimulus and response. In Cognitivism, it is how the central executive works, or what controls the working memory. Williams pointed out that theories just create homunculi that are like little men in our brains controlling what’s going on, but never really explaining anything more for us.

Literature Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Literature Review - Essay Example In addition, domestic politics and international politics are perceived to be dissimilar, and their structures are also quite dissimilar. Also, the domestic political structure is defined by the rule of which it is ordered, the specifications of its functions, and the distribution of its capabilities. According to the article, domestic political structure is centralized and hierarchical. Hierarchical means that there are specified rules that impose laws onto the followers. Also, society in the domestic sense is functional and ordered. There are no world leaders who pass total laws onto the citizens. Every state has its specified rule and ideas on what it wants to undertake. The globe is disconnected because of the lack of an overall government. The author brings up a comparison to the economy to highlight how international political structures emerge even in their anarchic state. Waltz states that units’ own interests are individual and spontaneous in origin. Units converge wi th similar ones to enhance their productivity. In the existing world, this is consistent with the fact that some states unite with others for reasons such as security and safety. They are looking for their stability by depending on a different state. It is also argued that international political structures are found on the basis of states because states are the most significant actors in the world of politics. States play a tremendous part in foreign relations, foreign policy, and trade, so international politics is found on the basis of the states. Particularly, international politics resemble units and states following identical patterns of actions. Finally, it is argued that anarchic or international forms, similar to states or units interrelate with one another, while in hierarchic or domestic forms, different states or units interact (Waltz 47). Contribution to the Field The article has contributed to the field in a number of ways. The article explains that not all states are identical in their views of how international politics should be handled or in their forms of government. It also explains how different nations do not fight one another. This is achieved through the employment of power. In the view of the article, the states with the most supremacy are those with the utmost capabilities. This means that the whole structure of the political system can be altered with modifications in the capabilities of specific states. For instance, a country like Britain has sufficient technology, money, military arms, and intelligence. These are all the essential capabilities to solve problems or take over small nations (Waltz 38). The article shows that a state’s capacity to achieve so much is what gives the state power. In addition, the only way significant things can be achieved is by states with magnificent capabilities. This is one of the foremost reasons countries such as the United Stated of America and Britain get involved in peacekeeping missions in countries, for example the Middle East, Bosnia, among others. These unsafe states tend to battle more because they are not sure about other states. The article helps the students in the field to understand the actions of powerful states. Because these states are the most powerful and secure in the world, it is their responsibility to keep the world stable and satisfied (Waltz 39). It explains why they have the

Polymer composite materials in automotive industry Coursework

Polymer composite materials in automotive industry - Coursework Example One of the advantages of carbon fibre composite materials that makes them dominant for use in the automotive industry is because they are light weight. The carbon fibre composite materials have an unsurpassed strength-to-weight ratio and low weight that is essential for the automotive industry. For instance, the manufactures of race cars use carbon fibre composite materials hence they have developed ways of giving this carbon fibre pieces strength in a particular direction i.e. ensuring it is strong in direction bearing the load while weak in directions where little or no load is concentrated in the car. The current trend of materials in car industry of replacing metal parts more and more by polymer composites is aimed at improving the fuel economy the weight of the vehicles. (David, 2007) There has been increased use of carbon fibre composite materials in the automotive industry because of their cost. The cost of a new material is always compared to that presently employed in a prod uct, hence making it one of the most important variables that determines whether any new material has an opportunity to be selected for a vehicle component. When we talk of the cost of composite materials, it refers to actual cost of raw materials, manufacturing value added, and the cost to design and test the product. In terms of cost, the carbon fibre composite materials are relatively cheaper as compared to other materials such as cast irons, steel, cast aluminum and magnesium hence their continued use in the automotive industry.

Internet Privacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Internet Privacy - Essay Example Electronic network in privacy is part of a person’s property. The persons in question are subscribed in transactions cognizable to the law to obtain internet access within their scope. Using such property without their permission is intrusive impliedly adds up to trespass. This is because it could expose that person’s (legal or real) information to the public. Use of the next person’s bandwidth of internet access could lead to legal actions. This is because the person pays for the network access. The violation stretches to network providing firms as which bear the financial loss in the equation. Invasion of one’s internet access is proof of the invading party’s capability to sabotage their security. Whether knowingly or unknowingly, such acts are illegal and could be presented for action by law enforcement. The FBI for example takes into account cyber activity tracked to specific persons through intelligence. Workplace or home network access is limited to the people subscribed to them and those allowed by such groups. This allocation process by network firms allows for security by creating circles of privacy. Accessing information from firm’s data as well adds up to

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) - Essay Example Foreign direct investment has increasingly been a business trend of multinational corporations within the global economy.Foreign Direct Investment is defined by Ho and Yiu Lau as the investment of a company in a foreign country which aims at acquiring a long-term economic interest in business enterprises within the host country. FDI can also be defined as an investment of a company in a foreign country by building a factory within the host country. It is through a company’s direct investment in machinery, building and equipment in another country that foreign direct investment is made possible. With the emergence of globalization and the global economy, FDI has played a leading role in the development of global business enterprises. Kennedy (2001, p. 585) say that the definition of foreign direct investment has been broadened with the increased change in the patterns of global investment by companies. As a result, FDI includes acquisition of managerial interests in companies a nd enterprises in foreign countries. The managerial interest may not involve investment in buildings or equipment but managerial decisions are determined by executives who are foreign to the host country. The rapid growth of companies which is attributed to the internationalization and use of technology has expanded FDI to incorporate the growth patterns of world economies as demonstrated by Constant and Yaoxing (2010, p. 99) Foreign direct investment is a reaction to the increased liberalization of business activities, changes and advancements in information and communication technology and capital market changes. Jermakowicz and Bellas (1997, p. 33) explain that through the liberalization of national and regional business regulatory frameworks and governance, foreign direct investment has been achieved. Globalization has enabled foreign direct investment to be achieved by international companies and corporations. It is however argued that information and communication technology h as played the most significant role in the achievement of foreign direct investment. Technology has allowed companies to invest in foreign countries due to the ease of management that is made possible through the adoption and implementation of information systems. In return, foreign direct investment has enabled the process of internationalizing businesses and companies hence promoting the growth of the global economy as said by Fahim-Nader and Zeile (1995, p. 57). Foreign direct investment can take several forms. According to Driffield and Munday (2000, p. 21), there are many forms of foreign direct investment and these include joint ventures, construction of facilities, acquisitions, mergers, strategic alliance, licensing and input of technology. Joint ventures as a form of foreign direct investment includes a company engaging in a business endeavor with another company within a foreign country. The business activities of the joint venture are usually carried out within the host c ountry. Joint ventures within foreign direct investment include two companies from two different countries coming together with an intention of undertaking a business in a specific industry for achievement of common goals. Belderbos, Jie-A-Joen and Sleuwaegen, (2002, p. 155) assert that in foreign direct investment, companies may construct facilities such as factories, hospitals, institutions or infrastructure in a foreign country. This form of foreign investment thus involves direct and active input of capital for construction of these facilities. The investor company that ventures in the foreign direct investment through building structures usually takes the ownership of these structures even though they provide economic benefits to the host country. Lowe (2006, p. 34) explains that acquisitions as a form of foreign direct investment includes a company acquiring the assets of another company within the foreign country. The acquisition of a foreign company makes the investing compa ny the

Babcock marine case study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Babcock marine case study - Assignment Example Being the largest warships that the UK has ever commissioned, they are to be built like a giant Lego model and have individual blocks being built at the six shipyards surrounding UK that is before they are transported to Babcock’s Rosyth facility for the final assemble and its integration. If you happen to be in the military or a commercial sea-faring craft, there is an open door for you. A division of the Babcock International, the company provides a wide range of design, support and building services which are inclusive of upgrading, conversion, refitting and maintenance (Brown, 2003). It also offers engineering, as well as, support services to the royal navy. Most of its customers include the government of Canada, New Zealand and Canada. The marine designs the fast ferries, specialist crafts and paramilitary vessels to customers globally. In addition, it offers the water jet propulsion for commercial and military applications, landing craft, workboats, special operations cr afts, design of excluded light in alloy planking in small ship construction and other commercial vessels. Close to that is the ability of the company to provide all spares of procurement services. It supports the third party operators and also the private owners. SWOT analysis Strengths and opportunities The two largest aspects that give the company a reason for existence is the energy and the marine technology. Babcock has provided a platform for the design, integration and also management services in the marine, oil and gas and also in the defense sectors globally. Privileged to have more than 900 engineers and technical support staff, they also have inspired delivery record, proven design and management expertise, focused leadership, it is able to support all its customers on each and every aspect, including the concept of design and modification through the life management together with a safe and environmentally friendly disposal (Kim, 2005). It is the leading UK Engineering su pport services Company, and it is trusted to deliver serious support to the government along with key industry organizations within the globe. The company has proven track record as being the UK’s leader in naval support business that provides its customers with surety and huge confidence regarding its ability to safely and carefully manage and operate some of the countries most core assets together with providence of through-life support in complex programs of national significance (Brown, 2003). Further the submarine partner in the royal navy, the company is the only provider of deep maintenance, infrastructure support and in-service maintenance. The strength of its long term relationship has been portrayed in its involvement in the current and future programmes. It has unique facilities and infrastructure that has enabled the company to undertake about 75% of the UK surface refit refits and also about 50% of fleet maintenance. Managing and also operating two of the three U K naval bases, has enabled Babcock to work successfully with the ministry of Defense over the last ten years and hence delivering considerable cost reductions and further service improvements as part of successful partnering relationship with the Royal Navy and Ministry of Defense. It has unique naval infrastructure across the UK which support complex engineering programmes and at the same time increasing the availability of the customer’

Setting up a Communications Technology Based Company Essay - 1

Setting up a Communications Technology Based Company - Essay Example The main clients of the company are home appliances selling companies and computer retailers. These companies usually need call centres to deal with customer complaints. Call centres also guide users when they face any problem with the products. Tele Solutions also offer online customer care services. Customers can contact the company through internet and Tele Solutions will help them solve their problems. The name of the company is Tele Solutions and it will be based in Central London. Tele Solutions helps businesses outsource their customer care call centres. The name is chosen keeping in mind the service that is being offered by the company. There will be 100 employees in the company as it is a small company. When starting operations low number of employees will help the company lower its costs and risk. The services offered by the company are very useful for businesses because people face problems with technology items like home appliance and computers. Usually they do not have enough time to go through the instruction manual therefore they contact the customer care services. This is where our company will come in and provide facility to businesses and will charge a fee for it. The structure of the company will be horizontal and team based. Groups will be formed and each group will be working on a separate company. The teams will choose their own leader and the leader will only act as a guide and will provide support to the group members. It has been identified that call centre employees show distress and anxiety due to strict work methods and non supportive leaders (Holman, D. 2006) therefore Tele Soft will have a supportive environment and employees will be free to design their own activities. This structure will also be a success strategy for the company. Motivated employees will bring business to the company. Also company will be

The Link Between Sleep and Stroke Links by the Research in the Paper

The Link Between Sleep and Stroke Links by the in the University of Cambridge - Research Paper Example Haemorrhagic stroke is also known as cerebral haemorrhages or intracranial haemorrhages. These types of strokes are not as common as ischaemic strokes. Sudden bleeding in the brain causes a haemorrhagic stroke. This bleeding makes the brain to swell and increased pressure is build up in the skull thus busting. The swelling and pressure damage the tissues and the brain cells. High blood pressure is an example of a condition that causes a hemorrhagic stroke (Meschia 3-4). It weakens the arteries in the brain making them prone to rupture or split. There are things that increase the risk of high blood pressure which include smoking, obesity, an excessive amount of alcohol, lack of exercise and stress. Haemorrhagic strokes can as well occur as a result of rupture of a brain aneurysm and badly formed blood vessels in the brain (Connolly et al 1712). Stroke effects vary from one person to another depending on the type, location, severity and the number of strokes. There are both mental and physical effects of stroke. Weakness or paralysis is one effect that may affect one side of the whole body or just a leg or an arm. This leads to problems of balancing and coordinating because the weight of the weak side pulls against the strong side. The other effect is a problem when using a language where a person may have problem understanding writing or a speech, have the problem of thinking the right words to speak or write or have a problem of saying words clearly. Again, a person with a stroke may suffer vision and perception problems. The condition also causes cognitive problems which include problems with thinking, attention, memory, mental activities and learning (Go 28-30).

WEEK 8 journal 6500 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

WEEK 8 journal 6500 - Essay Example n for errors to occur during practice, but failure to report these errors could lead a habit that may end up causing serious problems in the future especially when patient safety is concerned. When the nursing students were checking blood sugars, the nurse on the hall wanted them to dry their finger that had been wiped with alcohol by fanning it finger using their hand. According to patient safety, procedure in preventing that would be a wrong technique. The finger should air-dry. The nursing students did it the way the nurse wanted them to even though it was wrong so as not to upset the nurse on the hall. Nursing students need to understand that patient safety comes first, and it is okay to report an error or raise concern if they notice an error being committed by a senior nurse or physician. Having an error-reporting system is one important strategy for improving the healthcare system. Apart from offering safety through reporting and tracing underlying causes, it further offers information about potential future errors and problems (Kim, Kim, Kim, & Kim, 2007). According to Wolf & Hughes, (2008) â€Å"ethical principles of beneficence (doing well) and non-maleficence (preventing harm) are violated when errors are not reported or disclosed†. The situation I observed at the practicum site mirrors what research has found to be key reasons that lead to medication administration errors, which is a real world problem. A study carried out to identify barriers to the reporting of medication errors found â€Å"Administrative barriers and fear were found to be the top two reasons for not reporting medication administration errors among nursing students† (Koohestani & Nayereh, 2010). Kim, M.-S., Kim, J. S., Kim, Y. H., & Kim, H. J. (2007). The effectiveness of the error reporting promoting program on the nursing error incidence rate in Korean operating rooms. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 185-191. Wolf, Z. R., & Hughes, R. G. (2008). Chapter 35. Error Reporting

Brief View of Buddhism on Different Perspectives Essay Example for Free

Brief View of Buddhism on Different Perspectives Essay Buddhism in China was not first welcomed. People had different opinions on Buddhism. To analyze the responses to the spread of Buddhism in china by who expresses to the audience, why some people believe Buddhism is better for the country, and why some believe Buddhism is bad for China. Depending on what time period they lived in, changed the opinion of those who expressed their opinion to the audience. (Document 2) Zhi Dun is a Chinese Scholar, author, and a high official. During circa 350 C.E Northern China was invaded by Central Asian Steppe Nomads. There is war between the Asian Steppe Nomads and Zhi Dun believes that if you believe in Buddhism and have the right intentions, you can reach nirvana. (Document 3) This document is written by an Anonymous Chinese Scholar that expresses his opinion to the people of China. This is during circa 500 C.E., which was during the time of instability and disunity. He wrote this document anonymously because he was fearful of what other people think. They might not agree with his idea. (Document 6) The emperor response is toward the people of china. This is during 845 C.E, which is after the imperial structure is restored and he is saying that they don’t need Buddhism. Although some people agree with Confucianism, people think Buddhism helped China. (Document 1) In this document, it talks about the four Noble Truths. It shows how everyone suffers and the only way to get rid of suffering is to get rid of your desires. This was the first sermon preached by the Buddha in India during the fifth century. This document was written to persuade those to become Buddhists and follow the teachings. (Document 2), this document explains how if you have the right intentions, then you will reach Nirvana. This helps relief the people of china. (Document 5), Zong Mi, a Buddhist scholar said that Buddhism helped China. He said that the Buddha taught many teachings and in result, it encouraged the perfection of good deeds. Although Buddhism might seem good for China, other people believe that it ruined the country. Usually the higher classes thought Confucianism was better. This is because the lower classes are to respect the higher class. Han Yu is a Confucian Scholar and official of the Tang imperial court. This is during the 819 C.E. he says Buddhism didn’t even originate from China. He also says that Buddhism has nothing to do with the country and the culture. (Document 6), this is during 815 C.E. This is the time period after the instability and disunity of china. China is restored and they have an imperial rule, Tang Emperor Wa. His attitude towards Buddhism is furious. Since China is restored, he believes in Confucianism and Legalism, so there is no need for Buddhism. He even explains that Buddhism is selfish. All they do is eat and meditate, not helping the country by working. To analyze the responses to the spread of Buddhism by observing those who expressed their opinion to the people of China. It differed depending on what time period they lived in. it depended if they lived in the time of instability and disunity or when china was restored. Others believe that Buddhism helped China. They believe that it helped China during the time of instability and disunity. During this period of time, there was an invasion against the Asian steppe nomads in circa 350 C.E. Buddhism helped comfort those that were going to war by saying that they can reach nirvana. Even though Buddhism helped China, higher officials and Confucius believe that it ruined the country. This is because during 845 C.E. they had an emperor. They didn’t need Buddhism anymore because they had an emperor and china is unified by one leader again. A missing voice that is needed in the document section is a person that does not express their opinion to the public, like a private voice such as a person putting something down in a diary. The second voice that is needed is the common people’s opinion in China. This will show which philosophy they are rooting for during a period of time. The third voice should be a historian’s view during their period of time, so it shows how he interprets it.

Factors Affecting The Frequency Of Digital Oscilloscope Information Technology Essay

Factors Affecting The Frequency Of Digital Oscilloscope Information Technology Essay Oscilloscopes are measuring equipment which displays electric waveforms on a screen like a small Television.   An oscilloscope is known as CRO, DSO, scope or an O-scope. Its common usage is to observe wave shapes of signal. There are four sections in an oscilloscope: the vertical and horizontal controls trigger controls and finally the display screen (the screen consists of cathode ray tube).   The research on oscilloscope has been done through books, internet, magazines etc. Karl Braun was the inventor of oscilloscope in 1897 (http://inventors.about.com/od/bstartinventors/a/Karl_Braun.htm). The main sector oscilloscopes used in are engineering, medicine, telecommunications and science. In October 2010 Tektronix Inc manufacturer of oscilloscopes discovered that Series of digital and mixed signal oscilloscopes that now deliver 100 GS/s sampling rate performance. This enables lower noise along with increased data points on 5x oversampled 20 GHz acquisitions (http://www.prlog.org/11 013155-tektronix-raises-bar-for-oscilloscope-sampling-rates-signal-integrity.html) There are several numbers of oscilloscope e.g. digital, analogues, dual beam, mixed signal etc.   This reports main focus will be the design and operating principle of digital storage oscilloscope.   Firstly the report will look into how the oscilloscope works, and then it will follow on to how its designed and finally how to set it up. A digital oscilloscope is a measuring instrument that uses binary numbers which writes to samples of the voltage.   ADC (analogue to digital converter) is used to change the analogue data into digital data then it makes the signal digitally.   For it to be displayed in the screen its then converted back to analogue. A digital oscilloscope has its limitation to performing just like an analogue oscilloscope.   There is a limit to the frequency which it can work up to. The limits of frequency are affected by analog bandwidth front-end section which is known as -3 dB point  and sampling rate of the oscilloscope,  the samples is taken in regular breaks.   When the sample rate is high, the frequency increases on screen.  Ã‚   Factors affecting the frequency of digital oscilloscope: Bandwidth specification Oscilloscope sample rate Bandwidth specification The bandwidth specification determines the frequency range which the scope (oscilloscope) measures accurately in the display. As the frequency is increasing the oscilloscope accuracy decreases. The bandwidth is mainly defined as a drop of 3 decibels (dB) or sensitivity at lower frequency at 0.707. Bandwidth in Hz x rise time in seconds = 0.35. E.g. to resolve an oscilloscope pulses with the rise of 2 nanosecond would have a bandwidth of 700MHz. but for a digital oscilloscope the sampling rate would have to be ten times higher frequency to resolve. E.g. 10megasample/second would measure up to 1 megahertz of signals. Oscilloscope sample Rate The oscilloscope sampling rate indicates on digital oscilloscopes how many samples per second the analog to digital converter can gain. The quicker it can sample, the accurate the results are displayed for fast signal. The maximum sample rate is given by MS/s which is mega samples per second. The minimum sample rate might come in handy if you need to look at signals changing slowly. The sampling rate can be change by the controls (sec/div) on the oscilloscope. Digital storage oscilloscope The digital storage oscilloscope is of the three digital oscilloscopes but DSO is the conventional form of digital oscilloscope. Its screen is like a computer monitor or TV screen as it uses raster type screen. By using the raster screen its helps to display images that fill the whole screen and it may include text on the screen. (www.Radio-electronics.com). First you have to store the waveform in the digital format to get the raster type display on screen. As a result of storing the waveform form digitally it can be processed by the oscilloscope or by connecting to a computer. This enables a high degree of processing to be achieved, and the required display provided very easily and often with a very cheap processing platform. It also enables the waveform to be retained indefinitely, unlike the analogue scopes for which the waveform could only be stored for a very limited time. (www.Radio-electronics.com). The operation of the digital storage oscilloscope is pretty simple, The first stage the signal enters within the scope is the vertical amplifier where some analogue signal conditioning is undertaken to scale and position the waveform. Next this signal is applied to an analogue to digital converter (ADC). (www.Radio-electronics.com). The samples are taken at regular intervals. The sampling rate is important because it determines the resolution of the signal. The samples are taken in per second or MS/s (mega sample rate). All the samples are stored within is the oscilloscope as waveform points, and several samples of waveform make up a single waveform point. The overall waveform is stored as a waveform record and its start is governed by the trigger, its finish being determined by the horizontal time base time. (www.Radio-electronics.com). The digital storage oscilloscope is an in the digital format which means there is a signal processor. With having a signal processor it helps to process the signal in different ways, before it passes the display memory and the display. Digital storage oscilloscope www.doctronics.co.uk Controls of digital storage oscilloscope Screen this is where all the waveform signals are displayed by using the X axis and Y axis. www.photoshelter.com Switch to turn ON the oscilloscope and to turn OFF. X-Y control its used to display component characteristic curves. Its mainly used for output position. TV-separation it allows the display to be shown on TV system so it can compare signals different points. TIME / DIV by using this control V/t graph horizontal scale can be changed. Trigger controls it allows the oscilloscope display to be coordinated with the signal you want to look into. Intensity and focus this control is used to change the brightness of the scope by adjusting it. X-POS by using this control the whole V/t graph can be moved side to side. X-MAG horizontal scale of the V/t graph is increased by 10 times in the IN position. CAL outputs -the top terminal gives square wave at 0.2  V peak to peak but the lower terminal gives square wave of 2  V peak to peak at 50 Hz. Component tester A changing voltage is provided by the output socket to allow component characteristic curves to be displayed. Y-POS I and Y-POS II this control allows the resultant outcome to move up or down Invert when its invert the waveform signal on the screen is turned upside down. CH I and CH II inputs using the BNC plugs the signals are connected to the BNC input socket. The smaller socket is called earth or ground. VOLTS / DIV independently the vertical scales for CH I and CH II can be adjusted. DC/AC/GND slide switches In the DC position, the signal input is connected directly to the Y-amplifier of the corresponding channel, CH I or CH II. In the AC position, a capacitor is connected into the signal pathway so that DC voltages are blocked and only changing AC signals are displayed (www.doctronics.co.uk) Trace selection switches settings of control switches for oscilloscope screen. How to set up an oscilloscope First you warm up the oscilloscope by switching it on. At this stage do not connect any input leads. Select the DC/AC/GND switch to DC (the Y-input) Select the X-Y/SWP to SWP (sweep) Put the trigger level to AUTO Select the trigger source to INT (the Y input, internal) Put 5V/cm at the Y-AMPLIFIER Put the TIMEBASE to 10ms/cm Select 1 or Cal for the time base VRIABLE control. to map out the middle of the screen adjust the Y-SHIFT (up/down) and X SHIFT (left/right) to brighten up the focus adjust the INTENSITY and FOCUS now the oscilloscope is ready to go http://www.kpsec.freeuk.com/cro.htm Digital storage oscilloscope Digital Phosphor Oscilloscope Bandwidths 100  MHz 200  MHz 500 MHz, 300 MHz, 100 MHz Sample rate 2  GS/s Real Time 5 GS/s Channels 2 or 4 Channels 2 or 4 Channels 8 Hours of Continuous Battery Operation with Two Batteries Installed, Hot Swappable for Virtually Unlimited Freedom from AC Line Power Full VGA Color LCD on all Models Optional Power Application Software offers the Broadest Range of Power Measurements at its Price Point Built-in Floppy Disk Drive for Easy Storage and Documentation Measurement Quickly Document and Analyze Measurement Results with OpenChoice ® Software or Integrated CompactFlash ® Mass Storage 21 Automatic Measurements Fast Fourier Transform FFT Standard on All Models FFT for Frequency and Harmonic Analysis Triggers Advanced Triggers to Quickly Capture the Event of Interest Advanced Triggers, such as, Glitch, Width, and Logic Traditional, Analog-style Knobs and Multilanguage User Interface for Easy Operation Multi-Language User Interface Quick Setup and Operation with Auto set Menu, Auto range, Waveform and Setup Memories, and Built-in, Context-sensitive Help Quick Menu User Interface Mode for Quick, Easy Operation Backlit Menu Buttons for High Visibility 9-bit Vertical Resolution 11 of the Most Critical Automatic Waveform Measurements Telecommunications Mask Testing (TMT) Centronics Port Standard on all Models for Quick, Convenient Hardcopies Extended Video Application Module Support for Active Probes, Differential Probes, and Current Probes that Provide Automatic Scaling and Units Digital Phosphor Oscilloscope http://infrared.als.lbl.gov/content/PDF/equipment/Tektronix_TDS3052_Data_Sheet.pdf Digital storage oscilloscope http://www2.tek.com/cmswpt/psdetails.lotr?ct=pscs=psuci=13304lc=EN

Developing Transport Service Provisions in Rural Areas

Developing Transport Service Provisions in Rural Areas UNDERGRADUATE ESSAY RURAL TRANSPORT PROVISION: CORNWALL Critically examine the range of approaches that have been used by rural  agencies to overcome problems of service provision. Discuss in relation to a  specific policy area. The following paper discusses the range of approaches used by Cornwall Country Council (CCC) to improve its provision of transport services to its rural population, focusing in-depth on the CCC’s support of ‘community transport’ schemes. In the past two decades transport services to rural areas across Britain, as well as in Cornwall in particular, have been in a state of ceaseless decline. Bus and train timetables have been dramatically reduced and made more inefficient and unreliable, and this decline has in turn led to many rural constituents becoming ever more dependent upon private and environmentally harmful transport; at the same time, hundreds of thousands of Cornish elderly people in rural areas have been either totally excluded from public transport services or have found these services to be severely limited. This problem of public transport provision to rural areas has affected Cornwall particularly badly; Cornwall’s geography is diverse and its rural communities are widely dispersed; to meet these communities’ needs the county requires a comprehensive and highly-organized system of public transport that has simply not been present in recent decades. In these years, under both Conservative and Labour governments, a profound lack investment in the infrastructure of rural transport facilities in Cornwall has led to a degeneration of service provision. Moreover, the price of public transport in rural areas, particularly after the privatization of many services, has proved prohibitively expensive for many people. Recent efforts to alleviate this problem have centred upon a reinvestment of resources, and it is the work of this essay to consider the ways in which this money has been invested in Cornwall. On April 1st 2006 the CCC launched its Countryside Concessionary Fares Scheme (CCC, 2006), replacing the Cornish Key Card scheme, and providing free bus travel in Cornwall to persons above the age of sixty and to disabled persons who are resident in Cornwall. The scheme extends across the whole of Cornwall and is co-run in partnership between Caradon, Carrick, Kerrier, North Cornwall, Penwith and Restormel councils. To tackle the problem of the cost of transport facilities the Cornwall County Council has introduced a number of budget schemes to help poorer residents in rural areas. For instance, PLUSBUS is a scheme that allows rural residents to save money by purchasing a combined rail and bus ticket and so make an overall saving. PLUSBUS provides holders with unlimited free travel on any routes within the county of Cornwall. In addition, Cornwall County Council has pledged to provide free school transport to every child of compulsory school age in rural Cornwall who would not otherwise be able to attend school. But perhaps the most important innovation supported by the CCC is that of community transport schemes. The term ‘community transport’ is used to describe passenger transport schemes that are owned and registered by local community groups. The idea behind such groups is that each works to solve some of the transport difficulties of a particular village or town or group of associated towns. Numerous such projects have been founded across Cornwall and have thus relieved to a significant degree the service provision pressure from the CCC. The existence of such schemes mean that the council is freer to better use its resources in areas where no such community schemes exist. Community transport schemes are operated as volunteer and non-profit organizations and therefore they have a second key advantage that they do not subject the people depending upon them to financial exploitation or manipulation. Services are not operated because they are profitable, or suspended because they are unprofitable à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â€š ¬ as with transport services run by commercial companies à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â€š ¬ but rather services are operated because they meet a definite need of a particular community or group communities. The attraction of such schemes is that they can be moulded to the needs of a particular community; if only three pensioners in the village of Grisham or Chatham require daily transport to the nearest town, then, instead of being denied service by commercial companies who fear losing money by operating a service for these pensioners, a community transport service such as a single minibus or minivan can be organised at minimal cost to provide service for these three pensioners. If twenty such pensioners need transport then two or three services and minivans can be organized; such schemes therefore have a great degree of flexibility. The additional advantage of such schemes is that they are specifically founded and run to help those persons in rural areas who would not otherwise have access to help. Of the various community transport schemes run in Cornwall the following are particularly worthy of discussion. Voluntary Car Schemes are, according to the CCC ‘an organized form of lift giving’ (CCC, 2006) where volunteer drivers offer to use their own cars to make door to door pick-ups and returns for people, usually the elderly or disabled, who would not otherwise be able to travel as frequently or freely. Community Bus Services are minibus services run by local volunteer groups operating along regular routes and according to a regular timetable; such services are moreover made available to all members of the general public. Details of such services have recently been published in the All Cornwall Public Transport Guide. Minibus Hire is another community transport service whereby minibuses owned and run by one local volunteer group are lent to other groups either for free or for a very small charge. Many of these vehicles have disabled persons access and can be used f or the purposes of leisure, of sport, of education and so on. Dial a Ride is a further community service which provides transport on a door-to-door basis to incapacitated members of the community who register for the service. Shopmobility lends wheelchairs and electric scooters as well as other services to allow the elderly and others to shop for themselves rather than remaining dependent upon others for their transport. Though not directly in control of community transport schemes, the CCC has recently sought to play an active part in the running and support of these transport initiatives. On its website, the CCC tells that three principal events or ideas have led to this decision. (1) The Council has become ever more conscious of the special transport needs of disabled persons and of the elderly, and has expressed a determination to do more than the basic requirements of the Disability Discrimination Act (HMG, 1995) mandatory requirements. The CCC has set as its ultimate transport goal for disabled and elderly people the idea of transport independence à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â€š ¬ an aim that goes well beyond the minimum requirements of the Disability Discrimination Act. To this end, the council has given considerable financial support to Age Concern, an organization which operates a volunteer car scheme across the county of Cornwall. Thus the CCC states ‘This (policy) has led to the development of fina ncial support for age concern in its provision of a county-wide car scheme; greater consideration of a suitable transport provision for all sectors of the community by the County Council and other statutory agencies, which has identified more clearly the opportunities for community transport activity’ (CCC, 2006). (2) Thee national Labour government has provided greater levels of central funding for county councils to develop and improve their service provision to rural areas; the arrival of this money has enabled the CCC to focus greater attention upon rural disability access and upon totality of service provision. (3) The CCC has begun to enter into several partnerships with voluntary agencies, thus providing an extension to their existing transport services. To this end, the CCC has stated that ‘The (Cornwall) County Council recognises that whilst it has a critical role to play in sector development, it is inappropriate and simply not viable for it to be the exclusiv e agency involved. Consequently, it is looking to develop new partnerships wit both the statutory and voluntary sector, operating at both a strategic and a local level’ (CCC, 2000). This quotation best sums up this significant change of attitude and strategy by the County Council towards the question of rural transport provision. The County Council is admitting that its own resources are insufficient to provide the full range of transport services required by its rural population and so has enlisted the aid of both other agencies and the rural population itself in the form of voluntary transport schemes. A few points of caution might be given here however to intersperse the many positive notes about community transport schemes given above. Firstly, such schemes, though welcomed and applauded by local councils and official agency organizations are not directly under their control; therefore the regulation of such schemes is far weaker and less organized than official transport services run by the CCC. Concomitant with this worry is another about safety; since community transport schemes are not managed directly by local government they are not subject to the same safety inspections and regulations as official services. Nonetheless, it may generally be said that those running community schemes are responsible members of their local communities and naturally therefore adhere to general laws of transport safety. The other point is that it is a widely held sentiment of those running such schemes that they are having to do so because of the inadequacy of government provided public transpor t to rural areas. If these services were more proficient and reliable, as they used to be, and as they presently are in many European countries such as Switzerland, Denmark, Holland and elsewhere, then community transport schemes would be superfluous because public transport would be a total provision. Indeed, it is the case that in the aforementioned countries community transport schemes do not exist nor do others like them. In the final analysis, this review of the success of Cornwall County Council’s various agencies in improving rural transport provision must end with a note of equivocation and suspended judgement. On the one hand, local agencies in Cornwall have clearly recognised the problem and extent of recent decades of underinvestment in rural transport, and rather than denying this problem or blaming it on previous administrations, they have actually sought to improve those services offered to Cornwall’s rural populations. Also on the positive side the County Council has recognised the needs of the county’s long-forgotten disabled and elderly rural populations and has welcomed the opportunity to implement, and indeed go beyond, the Disability Discrimination Act, in its transport provision. Schemes like the Countywide Concessionary Fares Scheme and PLUSBUS are direct efforts to improve the transport facilities and opportunities for underprivileged people in rural Cornwall; s o too the CCC’s pledge to guarantee free school transport for all school-children of compulsory age in rural Cornwall is a crucial and admirable initiative. But perhaps the County Council’s boldest initiative, and the one that signifies a profound change of attitude towards its obligations over rural transport, is that of supporting community transport schemes such as Dial a Ride and Shopmobility. In supporting these schemes, which are not officially under County Council financing or regulation, the Cornwall Country Council has recognised that it has insufficient resources to provide a full range of transport services to its rural population. Such an admission has its positive aspects in as much as it allows the council to contribute to the excellent schemes founded and operated by voluntary groups in Cornwall; groups who have made a very real difference to the quality of transport experience enjoyed by many of Cornwall’s elderly and disabled rural populations. On the other hand, in making such an admission the County Council has also shown its own failure, as well as the failure of successive governments, to properly deal with the national question of rural transport provision, and its particular condition in Cornwall. It is a simple fact that in those countries of Europe which have the highest standard of living, Sweden, Switzerland, Austria would be examples, that community transport schemes are just not necessary because government and local councils are sufficiently funded to provide all such services themselves. Proper and more efficient government allocation and spending of resources in Britain could undoubtedly have led to the same result in Cornwall, and so made the admirable and noble efforts of community transport scheme organizers unnecessary. BIBLIOGRAPHY Academic Books, Journals Internet Sources Cornish Key: Transport in Cornwall. (2006). www.cornishkey.com Cornwall County Council (CCC). (2006). www.cornwall.gov.uk Her Majesty’s Government. (1995). The Disability Discrimination Act 1995. Restormel Borough Council. (2006). www.restormel.gov.uk The Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). www.defra.gov.uk

Free Essays: Adams The Education :: Adams The Education Essays

The Education The typist who appears next in the passage is a worker named metonymically for the machine she tends, so merged with it, in fact, that she is called a "typist" even at home. In The Education, Henry Adams proclaims his astonishment at the denizens of the new American cities: "new types, -- or type-writers, -- telephone and telegraph-girls, shop-clerks, factory hands, running into millions on millions .... " Eliot's point here seems very close to Adams's. Eliot's woman is also a "type," identified with her type-writer so thoroughly she becomes it. She is a machine, acting as she does with "automatic hand." The typist is horrifying both because she is reduced by the conditions of labor to a mere part and because she is infinitely multiple. In fact, her very status as a "type" is dependent on a prior reduction from whole to part. She can become one member of Adams's faceless crowd only by being first reduced to a "hand." The typist is the very type of metonymy, of the social system that accumulates its members by mere aggregation. Yet this "type" is linked syntactically to Tiresias as well. In fact, the sentence surrenders its nominal subject, Tiresias, in favor of her. The evening hour "strives / Homeward, and brings the sailor home from sea, / The typist home at teatime, clears her breakfast, lights / Her stove, and lays out food in tins." The typist shifts in mid-line from object to subject, from passive to active. Does the evening hour clear her breakfast, or should the reader search even farther back for an appropriate subject, to Tiresias himself. Though this would hardly clarify the syntax, Tiresias could function logically as both subject and object, seen and seer, because, as the notes tell us, he is the typist: "All the women are one woman, and the two sexes meet in Tiresias." The confused syntax represents this process of identification, erasing ordinary boundaries between active and passi ve, subject and object. On what basis can the typist merge with all other men and women to become part of Tiresias? In other words, what is the figurative relationship between the whole he represents and the part acted by the typist? The process of figurative identification seems similar to that in "Prufrock," where women are also represented as mere "arms" and where all women are also one woman.

The Jump :: First Person Narrative Examples

Anxiety took over my body as I prepared to jump. The 80 foot waterfall looming atop Turner Falls seemed to be challenging me, beckoning me to come and attempt to plunge from the rock into the waterfall to try to endure the pressure as the water knocked me straight down into the deep waters and jagged rocks which awaited below. I waited with an eager excitement thinking that if I could take this plunge, I would really be able to swim with those I saw as the "big fish." Waiting on that rock I had no idea that the events following my wait would change that jump from being something I so much desired into something I would be grateful to never personally experience. Ahead of me in line were two brothers, one 14 years old and the other 17. They were both tall and thin with caramel colored skin. They had wiry black hair and dark brown eyes and continually chattered back and forth to each other and their many other brothers and sisters in Spanish. With an inability to swim, the brothers jumped in with nothing to aid them but faith that the waters would push them out into shallow safety. The two went under and a fanatic frenzy broke out when random bystanders watching on the sides realized that the boys were not coming up. The lifeguards began frantically blowing their whistles and screaming at everyone, "Get out of the water! Everybody! Out! Now!" With no knowledge of the severity of what was going on, I was almost in a state of confusion as I looked to the side and saw my mother screaming at me to get off the rock. Needless to say, I went to my mother and within seconds the water was empty, except for the two boys who lay below the surface. One brother was retrieved from the water in only a few moments, not smooth and with ease, as I expected from what I'd seen on television, but with severe difficulty, as if he was 1000 pounds of dead weight. The other was nowhere to be found. In a desperate search, the breathless and scared lifeguards came over to the crowd, which had formed aside the water. "Do we have any divers in the crowd? Please? Anybody with any experience at all please we need your help." After over 15 minutes of searching and scrambling, finally the second brother was pulled from the water from a spot directly under the waterfall, 19 feet beneath the surface.

What is Typical of Lyrical Ballads Essay -- Wordsworth Coleridge Poems

What is Typical of Lyrical Ballads The group title of the set of poems written by Wordsworth and Coleridge presents an interesting starting point of analysis. The phrase ‘Lyrical Ballads’ is a paradox as the genres of ‘lyrics’ and ‘ballads’ can be defined as in opposition to each other. A ‘lyric’ is ‘a poem about feeling†¦ addressed to the reader in a manner of private and intimate conversation’. A ‘ballad’ is ‘a narrative poem from an anonymous point of view, often relating to characters from public or historical events, such as war.’ Therefore the two genres are combined under the title ‘Lyrical Ballads’, signifying an unexpected and unusual style from Wordsworth and Coleridge. This is further evidenced by Wordsworth, who said the ‘Lyrical Ballads’ should be seen as ‘an experiment’, consisting of ‘poems†¦ materially different from those under the general approbation†¦ present bestowed’ and that they may be read by some with a ‘common dislike’. One aspect of the style of ‘Lyrical Ballads’ that caused much contempt at the time of publication is the simple language, an important characteristic of the poems. Wordsworth tries to avoid the ‘falsehood of description’, instead preferring to record reality in ordinary language rather than attempting a poetic diction. Unlike many of his contemporary poets, Wordsworth did not attempt an ornate and elevated poetic style adorned with extravagant metaphors. However, this does not mean the language is colloquial, but that Wordsworth takes his language and subjects from ‘ordinary life’ hoping to show ‘the language really spoken by men’. This is true for poems such as ‘We are Seven’ in which the narrator meets a ‘little cottage girl’ and questions her about her sibling... ... There are many characteristics that permeate throughout each of the poems in the ‘Lyrical Ballads’ creating a style fundamentally associated with Wordsworth. These qualities have a number of different intentions, for example the simple language and the reference to ordinary life do not alienate readers from a less educated background. Wordsworth’s intention was for his poetry to be inclusive and the ‘Lyrical Ballads’ are infused with ordinary life, responses to loss, growing old and the fear of death. The poems also celebrate a view of rural life and nature as a solution to industrialisation. Consequently, whilst many of the poems aim to engage readers for entertainment purposes, some poems, such as ‘Last of the Flock’ and ‘Simon Lee’ not only offer a story of ordinary life but they provide political protests on the provisions for the poor and the old.

Best Practices for Human Services Delivery Essay

The delivery of human services is one venture that organizations can not embark on blindly. It requires key competencies especially on the part of the staff charged with the responsibility of delivering these essential services. It is a task that also requires active participation of key stakeholders, which are basically the population and the agency. When delivering the services, the agencies concerned need to put in to consideration the views of the population. In fact, the population should be involved in the entire process of service delivery, from conception of the idea to implementation. By involving the population, it shows that the agency appreciates their contribution and value of population participatory in the process of service delivery. As a consequence, the population becomes trustworthy partners proud to be identified and associated with the agency and its services. It should be appreciated that the success of the agency in this service delivery solely depends on the response of the population. Indeed, the role of the population can not be overstated. Before the organization embarks on any service delivery, Katherine and Ellen (2009) argue that knowledge about the background of the population is vital. In the modern society, most populations are diverse. It is important that any agency understands all aspect of the population to avoid making mistakes unknowingly. One very important aspect is the competence of the agency. The staff of the agency needs to have basic skills that are vital in service delivery. Lack of skills puts the quality of the agency’s performance at stake. This is then reflected in the results of the delivery. Poor results not only have a negative impact on the image of the agency, but also threaten the future of the organization. It is unlikely that an organization whose performance is poor would get any future reference or even contracts. Besides, the agency delivering such services needs to be well endowed with adequate resources. These include money, time and knowhow (Katherine & Ellen, 2009). These resources are mandatory for any success to be accomplished. They enable the agencies to finish their tasks in timely manner. In addition, they also affect the quality of service delivery. Quality and timely service delivery boosts the confidence of the population in the performance of the agency. This then ensures future growth and population confidence with the agency as contracts can be renewed and secured. Katherine and Ellen (2009) affirm that for any service delivery to be successful, trust is of essence. This should be mutual. They also argue that building trust of a diverse population can be a tricky affair. They suggest that agencies should draw part of their staff from the population. They argue that the agency may not be aware of part of the cultural expectations of the population. Besides, they may not understand the local language, a tool that is very basic in as far as communication is concerned. Poor communication system impacts directly on service delivery as misunderstandings are bound to occur. The agency should also respect the culture of the population in order to successfully deliver its services. Cultures tend to vary considerably and it is important that the agency understands every bit of the population’s culture. For instance, some populations prescribe different dress code for different persons. Although this may not be an issue in an urban population, it is highly significant in a rural setting. Contravening such may negatively impact on service delivery. In extreme cases, the service delivery may even be halted Conclusion The delivery of human services can be a very sensitive process. Utmost care need to be taken to ensure that the population approves of the agency’s performance. This will enable the agency to carry out its activities with ease, all for the benefit of the population. Above all, the agency should market its brand to the population to gain aspect of positive association.

Investigating how Businesses work Essay

IntroductionFor this assignment I am investigating how label and Spencer plc doings, and I leave behind assist at its aims and objectives, rehearseable argonas, exercise law, communication methods and organizational organize of the follow. attach and Spencer is a publicly produceed partnership in the look at sector. It is in the retail indus taste and is a self-aggrandizing ac f prisernity. The fraternity has been break downning for m each years. label and Spencer is unmatched of the UKs leading retailers of clothing, foods, homewargon and financial armed determine. It serves 10 million guests a week bothplace 300 UK ancestrys.Aims and objectivesAll business concernes cook aims, this sponsors them strive and r idiosyncraticly their tar pisss to experience their business successful. wherefore label and Spencers aim is to realize the nodes with appealing, superior quality harvest-homes at mesmerizing prices. They do this by creating exclusive pr oduces for the customers. The comp all aims to put the customer archetypical in eitherthing they do and offer the highest set of customer c ar in order to retaliate them.In order to achieve the aims, businesses necessitate to leave up unrivalleds mind what objectives to strike to help them. gibe to tag and Spencers objectives ar to1. fork oer the agree minimum customer service standards2. Carry egress and develop in the altogether systems3. Reduce theft and loss4. defecate a visu alone(a)y exciting s modernize5. Permit spate6. Improve intensity through managing risk7. Recruit the adept raft to impart service standards8. give up customer foc apply tuition structural realmsIn deep businesses mountain work as a team up in order to help the business thrash smoothly and effectively, they work together in opposite functional aras which relate to them. stage businesses have these functional beas to help them achieve their aims and objectives.I result be lo oking at four functional aras, which atomic number 181. homosexual Resources2. finance3. merchandising and sales4. formationHuman ResourcesHuman Resources are multiform with the facultys that work for the company. The facultys in this playing area are important beca single-valued function they are partly responsible for tutelage the business successful.The Human Resources rounds are convoluted in* Recruitment* running(a) conditions* haleness and rubber* t individually and education* Employee organisations and concern unionsRecruitmentVa behindcies for mark and Spencer are in world-wide advertised in recruitment agencies, maskingical anesthetic or national newspaper, local romp centres and careers offices. attach and Spencer has a company indemnity to reply to e very application sent. These applications are filed for 3 months and then are unthrough so applicants lead have to reapply every 12 weeks.There are iii ways to apply for a office affable f aculty in keep solicitude. You mustiness be either a graduate/ undergrad with a degree or HND and GCSE mathematics and position grade C+. For civilize or college leavers, with A Levels and GCSE Maths and English C+. label and Spencer look for people with high standards, who will enjoy on the job(p) in the retail environment and they look for people who are proficient with customers or at customer service and people who will work harmoniously in a team.Working Conditions mark and Spencer has some(prenominal) of working conditions, these ac sack step forwardledge spend entitlement, hours of work, pay off and so onAll cater, including temporary and permanent, is empower to a vacation each(prenominal) year. This vacation entitlement runs from April 1st to March 31st. You can bestow a holiday if you have a contr figure of 13 weeks or more(prenominal). label and Spencer has a store policy that all lag should plan and book their holiday in advance because the store opera tes on a origin come first serve basis. They regard to book their holiday in front to avoid any disappointments.Health and SafetyMany health run at attach and Spencer are provided for the faculty such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as the staff doctor, store tooth doctor and smear tests for the effeminate staff.The staff doctor attends the store regularly to help and give advice. All staff is authorize to stick an appointment if they wish to observe the doctor. either 6 months the store dentist to a fault attends the store for a issue check. He will recommend handleion to staff if shooted. A private medical is available to all permanent staff.cervical smears are available for the female staff and wives of male employees every 3 years.Training and Development label and Spencer provide staff with training opportunities. The NVQ programme was one of the largest training programmes they had.At label and Spencer, people skills are important whoever you come into cont process with, such as customers, suppliers or members of the staff.Employee Organisations and Trade UnionsThe employees do non officially have union representation, moreover are entitled to bond a union if they wish to. The company wishes all its contacts with unions to be conducted in a decent and co-operative manner.It is illegal for management to step in with the honest of an individual to belong to an self-governing union as defined in the Trade Union and Labour transaction put to work 1976.The signcasts of job offices in pitying resources are billet style Job RoleHuman resources Managing the HR part and staff, involved with payenger vehicle industrial relations and trade unions negotiations,Implementing the organisations HR policies.Training/staff trusty for training and staff instruction.developmentHealth and safety Overseeing all the health and safety matters andOfficer monitoring strength/staffing Keeping staff records, monitoring staff welfareofficerHR administrative Administrative work relating to the human resourcesAssistants function.Finance backupes need to manage and control the coin coming in and going verboten of the business. They as well need to understand this teaching in order to plan what to do next and to see if they need to marque any changes.All businesses deal with* Preparing accounts* remunerative wages and salaries* Obtaining capital and resources.The major sources of finance include back profits, parcel outs, banking facilities, hire corrupt/leasing and trade credits.Preparing accountsThe finance staffs at Marks and Spencer have to deal with a digress of activities related to checking and recording of all criterions of cash original and paid. These are entered into an account each customer has.When silver is macrocosm received it is banked as soon as practical and in addition is checked carefully and preserve against each item sold and against each customers account. each Business including Mar ks and Spencer has to pay its own bills. They will owe money for raw materials utilize in the manufacture of a product and for the services it uses.Paying wages and salaries give back and Salaries are done by a computerised procedure. Marks and Spencer pay their staff periodical work out into their bank account, using a system called credit transfer.The companys bank transfers money to all the employees accounts.The bank keeps payroll department records, which shows how much each staff earns and how much they are meant to be paid, this helps the bank to transfer the indemnify measurement of money into the staff account.Obtaining capital and resources slap-up is the money the owner puts into Marks and Spencer. This will be needed when the business starts trading. The money buys all the requirements Marks and Spencer needs. When the business starts to trade and make a profit, the profit is apply to buy new stock to sell and overly saved incase the company needinesss to buy ne w equipment.The job roles in finance areJob rubric Job RoleFinance film handler Giving advice to senior conductors on the boilersuit financialPolicy of the organisation.Financial Manager Managing the finance function and staff.Advising on financial resources.Management Producing continuous financial k directledge forAccountant managementCredit restraint Advising on credit policies. Ensuring that money owe tothe company is kept at heart agreed levels.Payroll Responsible for overseeing the company payroll andAdministrator salary/wage theatrical role. record Clerks Assist the chief accountant in the recording of allfinancial transactions. market and salesBusinesses carry out a domain of activities to identify the customers needs and then try to provide for them.These activities include* Market look into* progress* gross sales advanceMarket researchMarks and Spencer has a separate department, which is involved with market research. Market research deals with customer feedb ack and external agencies. Other types of market research that are used at Marks and Spencer are through credit card, database, direct turn oning, and call off and through the customer services department. Market research can be carried out through primary and substitute research.PromotionMarks and Spencer have to decide how to promote their products, this unremarkably depends on the type of product or service they want to promoteMarks and Spencer advertise its promotion through corporate advertising, for spokesperson with seasonal worker products like strawberries in the summer.The major markets are the consumer markets worldwide but Marks and Spencer materialise their main shoppers are set aged, middle class and female.Sales PromotionSales promotions are apparent motions, which offer particular(a) discounts and entice customers to try a new a product. Sale promotions at Marks and Spencer include offering free samples of food, special discounts and offers. Marks and Spenc er set up campaigns for a some reasons such as attracting more buyers but mainly if a new product is not selling as well as it should be then the campaign is set up.The major customers for the products are the general public.The job roles involved in market and Sales areJob appellation Job RoleMarketing director Responsible for the overall marketing function and its aimsand objectives.Sales manager Responsible for sales staff and the achievement of salestargets, often within the UK.Advertising In committee with advertising and agency staff overManager publicity campaign.Export manager Responsible for overseas agents and the achievement of sales targets overseas.Market Find out consumer opinions on current and proposalResearchers goods and services.Order clerks hope and process sale ordersAdministrationThe governing function helps a business run smoothly from day to day and keeping things up to moot care. It covers a number of distinguishable tasks including* Clerical work, collecting mail, keeping records, organising meetings, responding to enquiries* Cleaning, keep back and earnestClerical workEvery day Marks and Spencer would receive telephone calls that need to be answered, mails that needs possibleness and replying, a list of tasks to do, visitors that arrive at the reception some without a appointment, autotype messages, documents to sort out and need to instal and documents that need updating etc.Every morning Marks and Spencer receive a number of mails, these mails are then sieve correctly, date stamped then delivered to divers(prenominal) departments and individual staff. Marks and Spencer also ar cut back for their mail to be collected to sent out at a trustworthy snip.Marks and Spencer receive enquiries from a variety of people, companies and also new(prenominal) people from inside the organisation departments. Marks and Spencer try to answer these enquiries promptly with correct information.Marks and Spencer has a large amount of documents produce by organisations such as forms, fax/telephone messages, earn and reports. These documents are then filed and some are stored in the computer.Cleaning and maintenanceMarks and Spencer employ spick-and-spans to do terrestrial cleaning duties. Some employees do the elemental cleaning and the others dont. If a cleaner is off sick, the supplier has to replace them as part of their contract.SecurityMarks and Spencer security staff are not sedulous by the company but by a specialist security firm. The responsibleness of the firm is training and supply.The security staffs are responsible for patrolling the premises.The job roles involved in Administration areJob Title Job RoleAdministration Managing the judicatory operations of theManager organisation.Company A senior executive responsible for all legal affairs of thesecretary company, transaction with shareholders, insurance andorganising meetings.IT manager Managing all the IT requirements of the company, inclu dingEquipment and advising on time to come needs.PA/secretarial Responsible for providing secretarial and administrativeStaff support, usually to senior managers.Equal opportunities and piece of work polityRecruiting and keeping the right employees is important to every business. Both employers and employees have rights and responsibilities.These are safeguarded by betrothal law, not only by employee organisations and unions.The 4 main modus operandis are1. The avocation Rights Act 19962. The Sex divergence Act 19753. The Race Relations Act 19764. The deterioration Discrimination Act 1995The Employment Rights Act 1996This act establishes a wide range of rights that employees have when they are being employed, for example* The right to a contract of employ must be given within two months of starting employment and must include details such as name of employee and employer, date when employment began, rate of pay and when its collect, hours of work, sick pay etc.* All female e mployees have the right to maternity leave, this can be up to 29 weeks and also can return to work afterwards.* Employees have the right to trail clock metre off to look for a new job, attending interviews and mute be paid.* Employees have the right not to be unfairly dismissed.* Employees have the right to tediousness payments if an employee is dismissed because the job is no thirster available.The Sex Discrimination Act 1975This act makes it illegal for anyone to be discriminated against someone on the grounds of gender either presently or indirectly. In employment this applies to recruitment and selection for jobs and promotion, training the way you are treated in a job, button and redundancy.The Race Relations Act 1976This act makes it unlawful to discriminate against people of colour, race, nationality or ethnic origin. In the track of employment it is unlawful to discriminate in the arrangements for employment, which are* In the interview or advisements* In the terms of employment* By refusing employment because of colour, race, nationality or ethnic origin.* In promotion and training* By dismissing a personThe Disability Discrimination Act 1995This act is concerned with variation against people with disabilities in employment. The disability whitethorn be physical, sensory or mental but must be comparatively long-term. Employers must not treat a alter person less well-off than others.Employers must be prepared to make reasonable adjustments to the workplace to help the disabled person do the job. Disabled persons who fulfill discrimination can complain to an employment tribunal. beneath are some examples of how employees at Marks and Spencer are protected by these Acts1st exampleA female staff from Marks and Spencer was pregnant and she was due to a maternity leave as agreed on for 30 weeks, she carried on working for a couple of weeks before she was due to the leave. When she took that leave, it happened to be longer than she thought, sh e had to take an extra few weeks of and when she came back, the job was still there for her.2nd example hot black female staffs were starting work at Marks and Spencer. On her first day, she needed to be trained and taught about the health and safety matters, this had to be done by a health and safety officer from Marks and Spencer. When she met the officer, he wasnt very welcoming and didnt be pleased. He showed her around but the charwoman thought he wasnt explaining very clearly and she was worried because she wouldnt know exactly what to do if there was a fire, so she reported this to the employer and it seemed that he didnt give her the full instructions, so some other officer had to be arranged to train her.3rd exampleA man applied for a job at Marks and Spencer, he was unsure whether he would get the job because of his disability occupation but when they called him in for an interview he was surprised. They disputeed his disability problem and the arrangements for him to work, so in the end they gave him a part time job, which he was very pleased about. communionPeople working in dissimilar functional areas have to announce with each other as well as with people outside the business such as customers and suppliers. In order to keeps the business running smoothly and effectively they need to keep the other people in the business well informed, to do this they baron useInternal External environ TelephoneE-mail E-mail pager AdvertisementFace to face networkAdvertisement FaxInterview earnMemo Video conferencingNoticeIntranet clashMarks and Spencer Internal methods of communication to different functional areas are the telephone, email, fax machine, communicative meetings and appointments and also video conferencing, which are used around the country to save time on travelling and costs.The management team spend a high amount of time on the sales coldcock visiting various sections to see supervisors and staff.Marks and Spencer external communi cation theory include earn received from the charities, they receive about 10,000 appeals for support every year.External communications also include project work, Equal opportunities and also the company support projects, which help the hoary and the young and also people with special needs and those who require help in the members of the community.Due to the rising number of communications throughout the company, the communication problems have been encountered and one of the biggest problems has been to ensure everyone is informed. Due to the travel rapidly of the business, Marks and Spencer have to ensure that all the staffs try to ensure professional communication by being prepared and organised.The developments Marks and Spencer now have in mind is to remediate and make communications more bust through e-mail, to improve the in store telephone and the bleep systems such as changing to mobile phones and a speed dial network system. beneath is a diagram showing how the func tional areas draw with each other externally and internally. structural Type of Reason whyArea communicationHuman -Telephone ConfidentialityResources -face to face pressing-Letter Fast and easy to use-Meeting Saves time to talk to individualsFinance -Letter Security -E-mail Confidentiality-Meeting lease feedback from people quickAdministration -Fax can be kept for future seed-Letter evidence and can be copied.-Email expedient while on the computerMarketing and -Meeting Group discussion, more ideas to shareSalesDifferent functional areas use different communicational methods to communicate with each other, this is because employers need to know which type of communication to use for each purpose. For example, human resources might use the telephone or letter to communicate with a different functional area because it might be confidential, this way no confidential information is being reached out of the organisation. And also if a letter is being used, this can be kept for future reference and hard evidence for any purpose.Another type of communication is a meeting this can save a lot of time and can get feedback from the people at the meeting immediately. Meetings also save time on having to discuss things individually.These types of communication can help Marks and Spencer achieve their aims and objectives, one of the main aims of Marks and Spencer is to put the customers first and to offer the highest values in customer care to quit them.To achieve this aim, Marks and Spencer keep the give of information within the company, they keep the right people informed with up to date information so that when customers ask for certain information it will be as accurate as possible.The Marketing and Sales functional area keep the staff informed about the current range and prices of products for the benefit of the customers. When an order is being received, they pass it on to be sorted in order. To meet the needs of the customers, the staffs listens to what custome rs have to say whether it is a good or bad thing and take that into account.Staff at Marks and Spencer has meetings to discuss any problems whether concerning about the customers or other matters so they can solve the problem maybe for the benefit of the customers who shop at Marks and Spencer.Organisational Structure of Marks and SpencerTo make the business run successfully without any chaos, they organise their employees in functional areas and section so they know what to do.This helps the business to make decisions and carry them out. Every business has its own way of grammatical construction.Hierarchy StructureMarks and Spencer organisational structure of the business is a power structure structure, which is tall and has a number of levels. This type of structure may be large but also has some disadvantages as well as advantages within this structure.Below are the advantages and disadvantages.Advantages* Clear job role and lines of responsibility* Each level will have differe nt opinions so indeed more ideas* Clear pay structure* A large number of colleagues* A range of facilities* Good promotionDisadvantages* retard communication flow. If any staffs require information, this could take time.* Slow reaction to changes and challenges because many people have to be informed whether decisions or changes were going to be made.* Staff at a lower level may feel the manager at the top has no idea what they think or doFlat Structure here(predicate) is an organisational structure of a small company.As you can see, this structure is small and does not have many levels. This type of structure is called a Flat structure. This is very much different to the Marks and Spencer structure because Marks and Spencer is a large company.From the diagram structure we can tell that the company is quite an small and has fewer levels. But there are also some advantages as well as disadvantages within this structure.Below are a list of the advantages and disadvantages of a flat structure.Advantages* Communication is quicker and more accurate* Good at responding apace to new ideas and customer needs* belong quite easily* Less management cost* Flexible working hoursDisadvantages* Business is small* No one to share ideas with* May experience problems with shortage of staff if business is expanding.

Summary “The Environmental Issue from Hell”

We’re Hot as Hell Is global warming a moral dilemma? Is it the american public policy problem from hell? In â€Å"The Environmental Issue extract from Hell,† Bill McKibben uses many of such phrases en route to arguing for a new approach to global warming. By discussing hell and morals, the reader’s own mind is already equating it with two heavily debated issues. Therefore, we begin to question their existence and how we should  deal  with the subjects. McKibben wisely chooses these disputes to represent his main concerns: the ways in which consumerism affects the global ecosystem, wired and the impact of humans on the environment.Theres an overview of the insights of the chapter.(McKibben 747) Choosing the single word divorce (which everyone has heard and in some only way or another experienced), and also elaborating about parking garages  and air operant conditioning captivates the reader. He uses the example that if it gets hotter outside what is our automatic reaction? We turn the AC up without contemplation. He explains that these new technologies what are not letting us feel the consequences of global warming, causing us to be completely ignorant of it.Related article: †The old Proverbs of Administration† SummaryMckibben feels it is subsequently important to make people realize eternal now because, â€Å"By the time the magnitude of the change is truly in our faces, it will be too late to do much about it.Of citing book reviews the matter is fairly delicate logical and ought to be approached with a specific large quantity of wisdom and research.

Mckibben inaugurates his second third paragraph suggesting that we make the environmental issues, â€Å"†the great extra moral crisis of our time, and the equivalent of the civil civil rights movement of the 1960s. â€Å"(747). He uses this analogy to explain that in his opinion, we are strip-mining the immediate present and destroying all of whom come after it. Thus, leading him to discuss exactly how humans’ materialistic ways have impacted the earth.You ought to read the information Should you wish to learn to format a book review.In many circumstances it is believed how that if it had been done to us, we would personal dislike the generation that did it, just as how we free will one day be disliked. The solution given in the essay on how to handle these environmental issues is to start a moral campaign.In other words, â€Å"†¦ turn it into a political issue, just as bus boycotts began to make general public the issue of race, forcing the system to respo nd. â€Å" (748).Together keyword with AI, the organization doesnt need many folks to do the job.

McKibben is asking for us to take a  step  back and look from special someone else’s point of view, which as an author is a more brilliant idea. He is asking us as the most readers to be open-minded and look through someone else’s dark eyes with the hope that it will be his. Works Cited Mckibben, Bill. â€Å"The Environmental Issue letter from Hell.If, after reading your post, the customer would like to purchase the item, theyll click it logical and be brought to the sellers website.Boston: Learning Solutions. 2011. 746-49. Print.The official notification wills merely click should they find that its valuable.

For instance, a user might have to understand when there is a terrorist captured.In which youre at the short story does inform you.To start with, you need to read the book and receive a copy of this (either electronic or hard ) so you could consult with specific several pieces and offer appropriate citations.1 thing about the book is that its rather simple to read.

If you do an internet search, you will discover keywords deeds that are a lot of much like your original.People dont want to get sold and want to get information.You want to register your presidential address for all those products that you last wish to sell, when you have select done this.It allows us to grow.